Third Sem July 2025

Leaning Outcomes

CO1: Learn the importance and need of scientific research.

CO2: Understand the process of scientific research.

CO3: Know the resources of research and research data bases.

CO4: Comprehend the structure & logic of a good research paper.

CO5: Build ethical standards in research and publication

Research: meaning and objectives, Importance and need of scientific research.

The process of research: selecting a research topic; review of literature; identifying aims and objectives; formulating the thesis statement; defining the scope and limitations; drafting a research proposal; planning the timeline.

Resources and means of research: books, journals, conference proceedings, e-journals, Dissertation, Abstracts, internet search engines.

Writing Paper & Literature Search: Overview, Role of Key words, Essential Elements of effective academic research paper, Difference between Review Paper & Full-Length Academic Research Paper.

Data Bases and Research Metrics: Open Access publication and Initiatives~ Indexing databases — Citation databases, Web of Science, Scopus, etc. — Impact factor of journals as per Journal Citation report SNIP, SJR, IPP, Cite Score - Metrics: h-index, i10 index.

Presentation of research: title of the study, aims and objectives; format of research; pagination; grammar, punctuation andthe conventions of academic writing: organization of materials; avoiding plagiarism; in-text citations; list of works cited; footnotes andendnotes; research findings; bibliography; using standard style sheets — MLA, APA, Chicago Manual, Harvard system of referencing.

Software used in paper writing: methods to search required information effectively, Reference Management Software like Zotero/Mendeley, Software for paper formatting like MS Office, Software for detection of Plagiarism.

Publication Ethics Scientific misconducts: Falsification, Fabrication, and Plagiarism.

Publication ethics: Definition, introduction and importance

Best practices/standards setting initiatives and guidelines: COPE, WAME etc.

Scientific misconducts: Falsification, Fabrication, and Plagiarism.